South Africa

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Republic of South Africa
Flag of South Africa
Flag
Coat of arms of South Africa
Coat of arms
Anthem: Die Stem van Suid-Afrika
CapitalPretoria
Official languagesAfrikaans; English
Recognised regional languagesZulu; Xhosa; Pedi
Ethnic groups
(2019)
  • 69.5% Black
  • 18.2% White
  • 9.1% Coloured
  • 2.8% Asian
Religion
(2019)
  • 83.0% Christianity
  • 10.9% No religion
  • 4.4% Traditional faiths
  • 1.7% other
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Pieter Groenewald
LegislatureParliament
House of Assembly
Establishment
• Ulster Free State established
2 December 1987
• Partition with Ireland
14 October 1989
Population
• 2019 estimate
68,027,503
ISO 3166 codeZA

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa, is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline that stretches along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Zululand, Mozambique, Lesotho and Eswatini. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World, and one of the most populous countries located entirely south of the equator. South Africa is a biodiversity hotspot, with unique biomes, plant and animal life. The country has over 68 million people and covers an area of 1,221,037 square kilometres (471,445 square miles). Pretoria is the administrative capital, while Cape Town, as the seat of Parliament, is the legislative capital. Bloemfontein has traditionally been regarded as the judicial capital. The largest city, and site of highest court is Johannesburg. South Africa is the only country in the world to enforce a system of racial segregation between white people and other ethnic groups. This system has resulted resulting in with it’s black-majority neighbours.